Technology9

Category: Security

  • TCP 3 Way Handshake

    The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the fundamental communication protocols used to establish a reliable connection between two devices over a network. One of the key processes in TCP communication is the “3-Way Handshake,” which ensures a secure and reliable connection between the sender and receiver before data transmission begins. This handshake process…

  • Bcrpty

    Bcrypt is a cryptographic hashing algorithm specifically designed to securely hash passwords. Based on the Blowfish cipher, Bcrypt was introduced in 1999 by Niels Provos and David Mazieres to overcome the vulnerabilities of traditional hashing algorithms such as MD5 and SHA-1. Its primary focus is on providing strong resistance against brute-force attacks, which are becoming…

  • Scrypt

    Scrypt is a cryptographic algorithm that has garnered significant attention in the realms of secure communications, blockchain technology, and password hashing. Originally designed by Colin Percival in 2009, Scrypt was developed to address some of the vulnerabilities of earlier hashing algorithms, particularly focusing on the increasing computational power of modern hardware. Unlike traditional algorithms like…

  • ABAC ( Attribute based Access Control)

    Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC): A Step-by-Step Guid Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) is an advanced security mechanism that grants or denies user access to resources based on attributes. These attributes could be user roles, environmental conditions, resource types, or actions. ABAC provides fine-grained access control, making it suitable for dynamic, large-scale environments where static role-based controls…

  • RBAC : Infra security POV

    Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) is an essential paradigm in infrastructure security that aligns user permissions with defined roles within an organization. By granting access based on predefined roles rather than individual user attributes, RBAC simplifies access management, enhances security, and ensures compliance with regulatory requirements. This article delves deep into the mechanics, benefits, and implementation…

  • PKI : Infra Security POV

    Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a critical component of modern infrastructure security, providing a framework for secure communications and data exchange over untrusted networks, like the internet. PKI leverages asymmetric cryptography to ensure confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation, fundamental to securing digital interactions. This article explores PKI’s role in infrastructure security, its components, implementation challenges,…

  • Cloudflare: Infra Security POV

    In the realm of infrastructure security, Cloudflare stands out as a comprehensive solution for protecting and optimizing web applications, APIs, and networks. As a global network infrastructure provider, Cloudflare offers an extensive suite of tools designed to enhance security, performance, and reliability. It operates on the principle of delivering enterprise-grade protection while ensuring minimal latency,…

  • OWASP : Infra security POV

    The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is an internationally recognized nonprofit organization dedicated to enhancing software security. Its contributions to infrastructure security are invaluable, particularly in identifying, mitigating, and preventing vulnerabilities within application ecosystems and their underlying infrastructure. OWASP’s methodologies and tools provide a structured approach to safeguarding systems against evolving cyber threats, making…

  • Hashing Algorithm: Infra Security POV

    In the realm of infrastructure security, hashing algorithms play a critical role in ensuring data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication. These cryptographic functions transform input data of any length into a fixed-size output, known as a hash. Hashing is used extensively in securing passwords, verifying the integrity of files, and enabling efficient data retrieval. In this…

  • IDS : Infra security POV

    An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a fundamental component of infrastructure security, designed to monitor network traffic and system activities for signs of malicious behavior or policy violations. By identifying potential threats in real-time, IDS enhances the resilience of an organization’s digital infrastructure, acting as a proactive measure against cyberattacks. This article explores IDS from…

  • Identify Access Management: Infra Security POV

    Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a critical pillar in the foundation of infrastructure security, ensuring that the right individuals and entities access the right resources at the right time, for the right reasons. By enforcing granular control over authentication, authorization, and auditing processes, IAM fortifies an organization’s defenses against unauthorized access, insider threats, and…

  • IPS : Infra security POV

    An Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) is a cornerstone of modern infrastructure security, designed to identify, analyze, and block potential threats in real-time. Operating as an active defense mechanism, an IPS not only detects malicious activities but also takes decisive action to neutralize threats before they can exploit system vulnerabilities. This proactive approach makes it an…

  • VPN : Infra security POV

    A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a critical component in the realm of infrastructure security, offering robust mechanisms to safeguard sensitive data and secure communication channels over public or untrusted networks. Its primary purpose is to create a secure, encrypted tunnel between endpoints, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and authentication (CIA triad) within an organization’s infrastructure. This…

  • WAF : Infra security POV

    A Web Application Firewall (WAF) serves as a critical security layer within infrastructure security frameworks, designed to protect web applications and APIs from a plethora of cyber threats. It operates at the application layer (Layer 7 of the OSI model) to analyze HTTP/HTTPS traffic, filtering malicious requests before they reach the server. In an era…

  • VPC : Infra security POV

    A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a cornerstone of modern cloud infrastructure, offering a secure and isolated environment for deploying applications, services, and data. It provides organizations with a logically isolated section within a public cloud, allowing them to operate with the privacy and control of a traditional on-premises data center while leveraging the scalability…

  • PCI DSS Compliance: Securing Payment Card Data

    Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is a set of security standards designed to protect card payment data. It aims to secure payment systems and reduce fraud associated with payment card transactions. The standard applies to all entities that store, process, or transmit cardholder data, including e-commerce platforms, payment processors, and financial institutions.…

  • RSA Compliance:  Public-Key Encryption

    RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is one of the most widely used asymmetric encryption algorithms, playing a pivotal role in modern security protocols. RSA compliance refers to adherence to best practices and standards for implementing RSA encryption to ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. RSA is essential for secure communication, digital signatures, and key exchange protocols. In this…

  • GDPR Compliance: Ensuring Data Privacy

    The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), enacted by the European Union (EU) in 2018, is a robust legal framework designed to safeguard the privacy and personal data of EU citizens. It applies to any organization, whether within the EU or not, that processes data related to individuals residing in the EU. GDPR compliance is a…

  • TLS 1.2 vs TLS 1.3: A Comparative Analysis

    Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol ensuring secure communication. TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 represent two pivotal milestones in internet security. TLS 1.3, finalized in 2018, improves upon its predecessor with enhanced performance, robust security, and streamlined cryptographic mechanisms. Key Differences 1. Handshake Protocol TLS 1.2:Utilizes multiple round trips between the client and…

  • Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)

    An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a critical component of a cybersecurity infrastructure that actively monitors network traffic, system activities, or application behavior to detect malicious activities or policy violations. IDS helps in identifying potential threats and provides vital insights into potential breaches or vulnerabilities within a system. The system categorizes detected intrusions and alerts…

  • SNAT (Source Network Address Translation)

    Source Network Address Translation (SNAT) is a type of NAT that enables internal devices to communicate with external networks by translating private, non-routable IP addresses to a public IP address, typically at the gateway or firewall. SNAT is used for outbound connections where internal IPs are masked behind a single public IP, which is crucial…

  • Network Address Translation (NAT)

    Network Address Translation (NAT) is a pivotal mechanism enabling multiple devices to share a single public IP address, thereby conserving IPv4 address space. This article delves into NAT’s intricacies, exploring its types, operational modes, and implications on network security and performance. NAT Fundamentals NAT operates by modifying IP packet headers, substituting private IP addresses with…

  • SSL Bridging

    SSL bridging is a sophisticated process in network security where SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption is terminated at an intermediary, typically a load balancer, which decrypts and re-encrypts traffic before forwarding it to backend servers. Unlike SSL offloading, SSL bridging allows for secure, end-to-end encrypted communication across the network, enhancing data security while offering flexibility…

  • SSL Offloading

    SSL offloading is a technique used to transfer the computational workload of SSL/TLS encryption and decryption from a web server to a dedicated device, such as a load balancer or hardware security module (HSM). This helps optimize server performance by allowing it to handle more client requests without the overhead of SSL processing, especially in…

  • SSL (Secure Socket Layer)

    Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a cryptographic protocol designed to secure communication over computer networks, especially the internet. SSL provides data encryption, server authentication, and message integrity, all essential for protecting sensitive information during transmission. Although SSL has largely been replaced by Transport Layer Security (TLS) in modern systems, the two terms are often used…

  • HTTP/2 vs HTTP/3: Web Protocol Evolution

    The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) has undergone significant transformations since its inception, with HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 representing major milestones in its evolution. These successive iterations have substantially enhanced web performance, security, and reliability. HTTP/2: The Multiplexing Pioneer Introduced in 2015, HTTP/2 (RFC 7540) revolutionized web communication by introducing: HTTP/3: The QUIC-Enabled Speedster Released in 2020,…

  • API Gateway at Layer 4

    In the world of network architecture, the API Gateway is the unsung hero, standing guard at the gateway to application services, orchestrating requests, enforcing security, and ensuring that client applications communicate seamlessly with backend systems. When we focus specifically on an API Gateway functioning at Layer 4 of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, we…

  • SSL Termination in API Gateway

    SSL termination is a process of decrypting the encrypted SSL TRAFFIC and transforming heavy HTTPS packets into lighter HTTP packets. It is job of the web server to offload the SSL traffic but instead of relying upon the web server computational capabilities, API GATEWAYS takes care of SSL TERMINATION. Denser SSL Traffic via HTTPS protocol…

  • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

    TCP is the layer 4 networking protocol of the OSI model, TCP is responsible for the networking capabilities, both TCP and UDP are placed in the LAYER 4 OSI MODEL, TCP sends packets across the internet and makes sure that the packets are transferred securely, consistently and efficiently.  TCP connection is established by 2 servers and once the TCP session is established, DATA packets can be sent across TCP. TCP leverages the THREE…